Te memeha haere o te hongere ahokoreKo te rerekētanga o te kaha, te āhua, te mana rānei o te tohu i whiwhihia nā ngā huringa o te ara horapa. Ka taea e ia te whakaiti i te tawhē hononga, te whakapohehe i ngā tohu whānui, me te whakauaua i ngā inenga RF ki te whakaputa anō. Mā te mārama ki te momo memeha o te ira kei roto i tētahi pūnaha ka āwhina i ngā kaihangarau ki te whiriwhiri i ngā pūihi tika, i ngā tikanga whakamātautau me ngā tikanga whakaiti i te ira.
E whakamārama ana tēnei aratohu i te memeha rahi me te memeha iti, ngā hongere papatahi me te whiriwhiri auau, te memeha puhoi me te memeha tere, me ngā tauira hongere tatauranga tino noa. E whakaatu ana hoki i te pānga o te tauira pūihi, te porowhita me te āhua whakamātautau ki ngā ine memeha mahi.
He aha te memeha haere o te hongere ahokore?
Kāore i te maha ngā wā ka tae atu te tohu reo irirangi ki te kaiwhiwhi mā te ara kotahi anake. Ka taea e ngā whare, ngā whenua, ngā waka, ngā taputapu me ētahi atu mea te aukati, te whakaata, te whakakorikori, te whakamarara rānei i ngā ngaru hikohiko. Nō reira, ka taea e ngā tārua maha o te tohu kotahi te tae mai me ngā whakaroa, ngā kaha, ngā āhua me ngā koki taenga rerekē. Ka taea e ēnei huinga te hanga i tētahi wāhi, i tētahi auau rānei, ā, ka taea te whakangaro i tētahi atu wāhi.
He rerekē te memeha i te ngaronga ara wāhi-kore whakatau. Ko te ngaronga ara e whakaahua ana i te whakahekenga whānui o te mana i te pikinga o te tawhiti me te auau, ko te memeha ia e whakaahua ana i te rerekētanga tāpiri huri noa i taua toharite. Ko te tikanga ka whakarōpūhia e ngā miihini te memeha ki runga i ngā tuaka motuhake e rua: te tauine ā-wāhi me te whiriwhiringa hongere.
Pikitia 1.Ko ngā rerekētanga puhoi, tere hoki o te taumata tohu e whiwhi ana e whakaatu ana i ngā tauine wā memeha rerekē, i ngā tauine tawhiti rānei.
Te Whakarōpūtanga o te Whakangaromanga Ahokore
Te memeha nuie whakaahua ana i ngā huringa āta haere i ngā tawhiti roa, ko te nuinga mai i te rerekētanga o te ngaronga o te ara me te atarangi.Te memeha itie whakaahua ana i ngā huringa tere i ngā tawhiti poto, i ngā wā poto rānei nā te maha o ngā ara me te nekehanga.
Kātahi ka taea te whakarōpū i te memeha iti mā te horapa whakaroa hei papatahi, hei whiriwhiri auau rānei, ā, mā te horapa Doppler hei puhoi, hei tere rānei. He whakarōpūtanga motuhake ēnei: ka taea e te hongere te papatahi me te tere, te papatahi me te puhoi, te whiriwhiri auau me te tere, te whiriwhiri auau me te puhoi rānei.
Te Whakangaromanga Nui: Te Ngaronga o te Ara me te Atarangi
Te au o te ngaronga o te ara
Ko te ngaronga ara ko te whakahekenga toharite o te mana i whiwhihia me te tawhiti horapa. I roto i te wāhi kore e āraia, e pā ana te ngaronga ki te roanga ngaru me te tawhiti. Ka tāpirihia e ngā taiao tūturu te whenua, te raruraru, ngā pānga hau me ngā whakawhirinakitanga teitei-pūihi, nō reira ko ngā tahua hononga mahi e whakamahi ana i te tauira horapa e tika ana mō te horopaki whakatinanatanga.
Te memeha haere o te atarangi
Ka puta te atarangi ina āraia katoatia, āpitihia rānei te ara horapa tika e ngā mea nunui. Ka taea e ngā whare, ngā puke, ngā mīhini me ngā tinana waka te whakaputa i ngā huringa puhoi o te taumata whiwhi i te mea ka huri te tuku, te kaiwhiwhi, te taiao huri noa rānei. He maha ngā wā ka whakaatuhia te memeha o te atarangi i te taha o te ngaronga ara toharite o te rohe.
Te Whakakore Iti: Te Ara Maha me te Nekehanga
Te memeha papatahi me te memeha auau-whiriwhiri
He tata ki tememeha papatahiina whānui ake tōna whānui hononga i te whānui tohu e nohoia ana. Kātahi ka hurihia e te hongere te kaha me te āhua o te tohu me te kore e tino huri i tōna whānuitanga.
Ka noho te hongere heiwhiriwhiri auauina nui te whānui o te tohu ki te whānui o te hononga. He rerekē te whiwhinga me te āhua o ngā wāhanga hihi rerekē. Ko te take matua ko te horapa whakaroa maha-ara ka taea te whakatau, ka taea ai te hanga i te pokanoa i waenga i ngā tohu i roto i ngā hononga matihiko.
Te memeha puhoi, te memeha tere rānei
Ngāwari te memehako te tikanga kāore te hongere e rerekē nui i te wā tohu e tika ana.Tere te memehako te tikanga ka tino rerekē te hongere i taua wā. Ko te nekehanga whanaunga i waenga i te tuku, te kaiwhiwhi me ngā kaiwhakamarara e karapoti ana ka puta he nekehanga Doppler, ā, ka whakapoto i te wā honohono o te hongere.
| Whakarōpūtanga | Whakataurite matua | Pānga noa |
|---|---|---|
| He memeha papatahi | He iti ake te whānui o te tohu i te whānui o te taunga | Te whānuitanga o te kaha me te rerekētanga o te wāhanga puta noa i te tohu katoa |
| Kōwhiringa auau | He nui ake te whānui o te tohu i te whānui o te taunga | Te whakapōturitanga o te hihi me te wawaotanga pea i waenga i ngā tohu |
| Ngāwari te memeha | He roa te wā taurite e pā ana ki te wā tohu | Te rerekētanga āta haere o te taumata hononga |
| Tere te memeha | He poto te wā honohono e pā ana ki te wā tohu | Te rerekētanga tere me te ngoikore e pā ana ki te Doppler |
Ngā Tauira Whakangaromanga Tatauranga Noa
- Te memeha haere o Rayleigh:e whakamahia whānuitia ana ina kāore he wāhanga tirohanga matua kotahi e kitea ana, ā, ko te tohu i whiwhihia he mea hanga mai i ngā wāhanga marara maha.
- Te memeha haere o Riki:kei roto ko tētahi wāhanga matua me ngā wāhanga ara maha marara. Ko te Rician K-factor e whakaatu ana i te ōwehenga mana i waenga i ngā wāhanga matua me ngā wāhanga marara.
- Ngāwari o Nakagami:he tohatoha ā-wheako ngāwari e taea ai te whakaatu i te whānuitanga o ngā kaha memeha haere mā roto i tōna tawhā āhua.
- Te memeha haere o Weibull:tētahi atu tohatoha tatauranga urutau e whakamahia ana mō ngā taiao horapa kua inehia kua tīpakohia.
Me whiriwhiri te tauira i runga i te taiao tūturu, te auau, te nekehanga, te whirihoranga pūihi me ngā raraunga ine. Ka whakamahia e ngā rerengamahi MATLAB hou ngā mea pēnei i tewhakawhitiwhiti kōrero.RayleighChannelmewhakawhitiwhitinga.RicianChannelkaua ki ngā mahi tawhito i whakahuatia i te putanga o mua o tēnei tuhinga.
Pikitia 3.Ka whakaratohia e ngā tohatoha kōpaki tatauranga he tauira kiato mō te whanonga memeha kua inehia.
Te Pānga o te Whakakore ki te Mahi a te Pūnaha RF
Ka taea e te memeha te whakaiti i te mana e whiwhihia ana, te whakaiti i te ōwehenga tohu-ki-haruru, te whakanui ake i te tere hapa me te whakakore i te hononga reo irirangi. Ka taea hoki e te memeha auau-whiriwhiri te whakapohehe i ngā āhua ngaru whānui, i te mea ka uaua ake te aromatawai i te hongere i te rerekētanga Doppler tere.
Ko ngā tikanga whakaiti noa:
- te rawaka o te tawhē hononga me te mana whakahaere aunoa mō te pikinga;
- te wā, te auau, te kanorau ā-wāhi, te kanorau pōraruraru rānei;
- te hoahoa whakaōrite me te āhua ngaru maha-kawe;
- te whakakōwae hongere, te whakawhitiwhiti me te whakarerekētanga urutau;
- Te tukatuka MIMO me te urungi kurupae;
- te whakatakotoranga āta o te pūihi, te kōwhiringa tauira me te whakahaere i te pōraitanga.
Kāore he tikanga kotahi e whakakore i ngā momo memeha katoa. Ko te huarahi tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā tatauranga hongere, te whānui o te whatunga e nohoia ana, te nekenekehanga, ngā whakaritenga kapinga me te tūponotanga o te motumotu.
Pikitia 4.Me whakatau e ngā raraunga ine mēnā he tika te tohatoha tatauranga mō tētahi hongere motuhake.
Kōwhiringa Pūihi mō ngā Whakamātautau Oro Hongere me te Whakamātautau Whakangaromanga
Kāore te pūihi e hanga i te hongere horapa māna ake, engari he kaha tōna pānga ki ngā ara me ngā pōraihana e tukuna ana, e whiwhihia ana rānei. Ka taea e te whakanui, te whānui o te hihi, te tauira hihi, te parakore o te pōraihana, te pumau o te āhua me te āhua o te whakairinga te awe i te whanonga o te hongere kua inehia.
Mō ngā inenga hongere, inenga memeha rānei ka taea te tāruarua, tuhia:
- te whānuitanga auau katoa me te whānui ine inamata;
- te whakanui i te pūihi me te whānui o te hihi i runga i te auau;
- ngā whakaritenga whakapūtanga rārangi, rārangi-rua, porowhita rānei;
- te teitei o te pūihi, te whakatakotoranga, te mokowā me ngā hanganga e karapoti ana;
- Hononga RF, mate taura me te papa tohutoro whakatikatika;
- te nekehanga o te kaituku, te kaiwhiwhi me te kaiwhakamarara;
- te horapa whakaroa, te horapa Doppler me te awhe hihiri e hiahiatia ana.
Ngā kōwhiringa pūihi RF MISO
Ka hoahoa, ka tuku hoki a RF MISO i ngā pūihi RF me ngā pūihi ngaruiti mō ngā mahi taiwhanga, mara me te whakauru pūnaha. I runga i te kapinga me te āhua ine e hiahiatia ana, ka whakaarohia pea e ngā kaihangaraungā pūihi haona whānuimō ngā inenga whānui ahunga,ngā pūihi ā-wā-rōpūmō te kapinga auau whānui, rāneingā pūihi ahunga-katoamō ngā rangahau kapinga me te horapa kua tohua.
Arotakehia te pepa raraunga tauira o nāianei mō te awhe auau, te whakanui, te whakapūtātanga, te VSWR, te hononga me ngā inenga ā-ringa. Mō te kōwhiringa motuhake ki te tono, tohaina te roopu whakamātautau, te whānui o te hononga, te tauira e hiahiatia ana, te whakapūtātanga, ngā herenga whakairi me te taiao ine ki te tīma RF MISO.
Kōrerohia tō Hiahia Ine RF
Ka taea e te RF MISO te āwhina ki te tautuhi i ngā kōwhiringa pūihi mō te oro hongere, ngā rangahau horapa, te aromatawai pūnaha ahokore me ngā inenga RF e pā ana.
Tūhurahia te kaha whakamātautau pūihi|Whakapā atu ki a RF MISO
Ngā Tohutoro me ngā Pānui Anō
Wā tuku: 14 o Ākuhata 2023
