He aha te Pūihi V Hurihuri?
He momo mahi a te pūihi V whakahurihuri o te pūihi dipole whāngai-waenganui. Engari i te whakarite i ngā huānga e rua e whiti ana ki tētahi rārangi whakapae tika, ka ara ake te pūwāhi whāngai ki te tūranga teitei rawa atu, i te mea e heke ana ngā ringa pūihi e rua ki raro ki te whenua.
Ki te tirohia mai i te taha, he rite te hanganga ki te reta "V" e hurihia ana ki raro, e tapaina ai te ingoa o te pūihi. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei whakaritenga te wāhi tāutanga whakapae, ā, kotahi noa te pou tautoko pokapū e hiahiatia ana, e ātaahua ai mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero HF, te whakatinanatanga o te mara, te aroturuki reo irirangi, me ngā tāutanga kei reira he iti te wāhi, he hanganga tautoko rānei.
Ahakoa e honoa whānuitia ana ngā pūihi V whakahurihuri ki te roopu HF 3–30 MHz, ko te auau mahi ka whakatauhia e te roa hiko kaua e te awhe auau pumau kotahi. Ka taea te whakaōrite, te whakarerekē rānei i te āhua taketake kotahi mō ētahi atu tono RF.
Hanganga me te Mātāpono Whakahaere
Ko te pūihi V hurihuri noa he mea tito mai i ngā huānga kawe hiko e rua, he rite te roa, e honoa ana ki tētahi pūwāhi whāngai taurite i te tihi. Ko te pūwāhi whāngai o waenganui ka whakairihia ki runga i tētahi pou, pourewa, tautoko tuanui, i tētahi atu hanganga kore-kawe hiko rānei, ko ngā pito o ngā huānga e rua ka whakahekehia, ka mau ki ngā ārai.
Ko te tikanga, he mea hanga te pūihi hei pūwero whakapūmau. Ko te iahiko RF te mea tino kaha i te taha o te pūwāhi whāngai, ā, ka heke haere ki ngā pito tuwhera. Ka haria e ngā huānga e rua ngā iahiko o te ahunga whakamuri, ka puta he āpure hikohiko e honoa ana hei hanga i te tauira irahiko whānui o te pūihi.
He rerekē tēnei i te pūihi ngaru-haere, ā, ka tautokona e te pūihi V-whakahurihuri tuku iho te tohatoha iahiko ngaru-tū. Nō reira, ka pāngia tōna mahi e te roa o te huānga, te aukati ira-whāngai, te koki tihi, te whānui o te ara iahiko, te teitei o te tāutanga, me ngā mea e karapoti ana.
Te Koki o te Pito me te Āhua Tāutanga
Ko te koki i waenganui i ngā ringa pūihi e rua e kiia ana ko te koki tihi, ko te koki whakauru rānei. Ko ngā whirihoranga mahi noa e whakamahi ana i te koki o te 90° ki te 120° pea, ahakoa ko te uara tino pai e whakawhirinaki ana ki te auau e hiahiatia ana, te aukati, te wāhi e wātea ana, me te tauira irahiko e hiahiatia ana.
Mā te whakaiti i te koki tihi ka whakapotohia te tapuwae whakapae, engari ka huri anō hoki te hononga i waenga i ngā ringa pūihi e rua. I te neke tata atu o ngā ringa, ka neke pea te aukati whāngai me te auau oro, ā, ka taea te whakaiti paku i te pikinga tihi.
Ko te tihi me whakanoho kia teitei, kia mārama hoki i ngā hanganga kawe hiko e karapoti ana. Kāore he ture whānui e kī ana me noho i raro iho i te hauwhā ngaru. Engari, me whiriwhiri te teitei o te tāutanga kia rite ki te koki teitei e hiahiatia ana, te aratau horapa, te tautoko e wātea ana, me ngā āhuatanga o te whenua.
Me noho haumaru hoki ngā pito waea i runga ake i te whenua, kia matara atu i te tangata, i ngā whare, i ngā taura hiko me ngā mea whakarewa.
Auautanga me te Roa o te Huānga
He maha ngā pūihi V whakahurihuri kua hangaia me te roa katoa o te ara iahiko e tata ana ki te haurua o te roangaru i te auau mahi e whakaarohia ana. I roto i te mahi, he maha ngā wā ka whakarerekētia te roa ā-tinana nā te mea ka pā te diameter o te ara iahiko, te whakamarumaru, te teitei o te tāutanga, te koki tihi, me ngā rauemi tata ki te auau orooro.
Ko te roangaru ātea-kore tata e pā ana ki te auautanga mā te:
[\lambda = \frac{c}{f}]
kei hea:
- Ko (\lambda) te roanga ngaru;
- (c) te tere o te mārama;
- Ko (f) te auau whakahaere.
Mā tēnei whārite ka puta he whakatau tata tuatahi, engari ko ngā āhuatanga whakamutunga o te pūihi me whakaū mā te whakatauira hikohiko, mā te ine rānei i te ngaronga hokinga mai me te VSWR.
Tauira Irahiko
E pā ana te tauira irahiko o te pūihi V hurihuri ki te tauira irahiko o te pūihi haurua-ngaru whakapae, engari mā te piko i ngā huānga ki raro ka huri te tohatoha āpure toru-ahu.
Ko te tikanga, ka puta i te taha whānui o te waea te hihi nui rawa atu o te irahiko i roto i te pou whakapae tika, me ngā kore hohonu i ōna pito. I roto i te whirihoranga V hurihuri, ka whakakīia ētahi o ēnei kore e ngā ringa e anga whakararo ana, ka hangaia he azimuth whānui ake, ā, he maha ngā wā ka ōrite ake te kapi.
Nō reira, kaua te pūihi e whakaahuatia aunoa he ahunga kotahi. I runga i te koki o te tihi, te teitei i runga ake i te whenua, ngā āhuatanga o te oneone, me te auau whakahaere, ka tata te tauira whakapae ki ngā ahunga katoa, ka mau tonu rānei te ahunga whānui.
He nui te pānga o te teitei o te tāutanga ki te tauira teitei. Tērā pea ka puta he hihi koki-teitei kaha i te HF iti-whakahurihuri V, he mea whai hua mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tata poutū mō te ngaru rangi. Ka taea e te tāutanga teitei ake te tautoko i ngā koki tango-iti e pai ake ana mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tawhiti-roa.
Te whakapolarisasi
Ko te pūihi V hurihuri hangarite e kiia ana he whakapae te nuinga, nā te mea ka whakakaha ngā wāhanga iahiko whakapae mai i ngā huānga piki e rua tetahi ki tetahi.
Heoi anō, ka whakaurua mai hoki e ngā ringa piko ngā wāhanga poutū o te mara. Ko tā rātou takoha ka whakawhirinaki ki te koki tihi, te aronga o te pūihi, te teitei o te tāutanga, ngā whakaata whenua, me te taiao e karapoti ana. Nā tēnei take, ko te porowhita tuturu i roto i te tāutanga tūturu kāore pea e tino whakapae i ngā taha katoa.
Te Whāngai me te Taurite Āraitanga
Nā te mea he pūihi taurite te V hurihuri, he pai ake te whāngai ki tētahi aho tuku taurite, te whakamahi rānei i tētahi taura whakawhiti tika ina honoa ana ki tētahi taura coaxial taurite kore.
Ka āwhina te balun ki te whakaiti i te iahiko aratau-noa i runga i te raina whāngai. Ki te kore he mana whakahaere tika o te iahiko, ka uru pea te taura coaxial ki roto i te pūnaha hihi, ka huri i te aukati antenna, te tauira hihi, te polarization, me te mahi haruru.
Ka pāngia te aukati whakauru e:
- Koki tihi
- Te roa me te whānui o te huānga
- Teitei i runga ake i te whenua
- Te kawe whenua
- Ngā hanganga tata
- Te whakaritenga o te raina whāngai
- Auautanga whakahaere
I muri i te tāutanga, me ine e ngā kaihangarau te ngaronga hokinga mai, te VSWR rānei, ka kuti i ngā wāhanga, ka whakatika rānei i te whatunga taurite mēnā e tika ana.
Ngā Painga o te Pūihi V Hurihuri
He maha ngā painga mahi o te whirihoranga V whakahurihuri:
- Kotahi anake te tautoko pokapū teitei e hiahiatia ana
- He iti ake te wāhi whakapae e nohoia ana i te rua pou tika
- He hanga māmā, he iti hoki te utu
- He pai mō ngā tāutanga kawe me ngā tāutanga pumau
- Ka whakarato i te whānuitanga o te azimuth
- Ka taea te hoahoa mō te mahi roopu kotahi, roopu maha rānei
- He whai hua mō ngā tono whakawhitiwhiti HF me NVIS
Ngā Herenga Hoahoa
He maha anō hoki ngā herenga o te pūihi:
- Ka huri te aukati whāngai-ira me te koki tihi
- Tērā pea he iti iho te whakanui i tērā o tētahi dipole whakapae kua tāuta paitia
- Ka pā te mahi ki te teitei o te tāutanga me ngā āhuatanga o te whenua
- Ka taea e ngā pito waea iti te whakararuraru i te haumaru me te ngaronga
- Tērā pea ka whakapōturitia te tauira irahiko e ngā hanganga whakarewa tata
- He iti noa te whānuitanga o te mahi a ngā putanga resonant
- Ka taea e te ara whāngai-raina hē te whakaputa i te irahiko aratau-noa
Ngā tono noa
Ko ngā pūihi V whakahurihuri e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i:
- Whakawhitiwhiti reo irirangi HF
- Ngā pūnaha tuku me te whiwhi ngaru poto
- Ngā teihana reo irirangi amateur
- Te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero mō ngā āhuatanga ohorere me te mara
- Ngā pūnaha ngaru rangi tata ki te taunga poutū
- Te aroturuki i te reo irirangi me te tirotiro i te whānuitanga o te irahiko
- Ngā teihana whakawhitiwhiti kōrero kawe
- Te ako pūihi, te whakatauira, me ngā whakamātautau ine
Te Hiranga o te Hangarau
E whakaatu ana te pūihi V whakahurihuri i te pānga o tētahi panoni iti noa ki te āhua o te pūihi ki te aukati, te polaritanga, te whakanui, me te kapinga irahiko.
He mea whai hua te mārama ki ēnei whanaungatanga ehara i te mea mō te hoahoa waea-pūihi anake, engari mō te whakawhanake me te aromatawai i ngā pūihi whānui, ngā pūihi haona, ngā rarangi pūihi, ngā pūnaha radar, me ngā tūāpapa ine RF.
RF MISOe whakarato ana i ngā otinga wāhanga pūihi me te ngaruiti mō te whakamātautau RF, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, te radar, te ine pūihi, me te whakaurunga pūnaha. Mā te mārama ki te ariā pūihi taketake ka āwhina i ngā kaihangarau ki te whiriwhiri i ngā hua e tika ana me te aromatawai tika i te whānuitanga auau, te whakanui, te polarization, te whānui hihi, te VSWR, me te mahi tauira-ira.
Mō ētahi atu kōrero mō ngā antenna, tirohia:
Te wā tuku: Hurae-17-2026
