Me pēhea te whakatutuki i te taurite aukati o ngā arataki ngaru? Mai i te ariā raina tuku i roto i te ariā pūihi microstrip, e mōhio ana tātou ka taea te whiriwhiri i ngā raina tuku raupapa, whakarara rānei e tika ana hei whakatutuki i te taurite aukati i waenga i ngā raina tuku, i waenga rānei i ngā raina tuku me ngā kawenga hei whakatutuki i te tuku mana nui rawa atu me te ngaronga whakaata iti rawa. Ka pā te kaupapa ōrite o te taurite aukati i roto i ngā raina microstrip ki te taurite aukati i roto i ngā arataki ngaru. Ka taea e ngā whakaata i roto i ngā pūnaha arataki ngaru te arahi ki ngā taurite aukati. Ina puta te hekenga o te aukati, he rite tonu te otinga ki ngā raina tuku, arā, te whakarerekē i te uara e hiahiatia ana. Ka whakatakotoria te aukati puranga ki ngā pūwāhi kua tatauhia i mua i roto i te arataki ngaru hei wikitoria i te taurite, ā, ka whakakorea ngā pānga o ngā whakaata. Ahakoa e whakamahi ana ngā raina tuku i ngā aukati puranga, i ngā poro rānei, ka whakamahia e ngā arataki ngaru ngā poraka whakarewa o ngā āhua rerekē.
ahua 1: Ngā āwhata arataki ngaru me te ara iahiko ōrite,(a) Āwhina;(b) whakaawe;(c) whakakorikori.
E whakaatu ana te Pikitia 1 i ngā momo taurite aukati rerekē, e mau ana i tētahi o ngā āhua e whakaaturia ana, ā, ka taea te capacitive, te inductive, te resonant rānei. He uaua te tātari pāngarau, engari kāore te whakamārama ā-tinana i pena. Ina whakaarohia te rīpene whakarewa capacitive tuatahi i roto i te pikitia, ka kitea ko te pūmanawa i waenganui i ngā pakitara o runga me raro o te arataki ngaru (i roto i te aratau matua) kei waenganui i ngā mata whakarewa e rua i te tata tata, nō reira ko te capacitance ka piki ake. He rerekē, ka taea e te poraka whakarewa i roto i te Pikitia 1b te rere o te iahiko ki te wāhi kāore i rere i mua. Ka rere te iahiko i roto i te papa hiko kua whakareihia i mua nā te tāpiri o te poraka whakarewa. Nō reira, ka puta te rokiroki pūngao i roto i te papa aukume, ā, ka piki ake te inductance i taua wāhi o te arataki ngaru. Hei tāpiri, ki te hangaia te āhua me te tūranga o te mowhiti whakarewa i roto i te Pikitia c i runga i te whakaaro tika, ka ōrite te tauhohenga inductive me te tauhohenga capacitive i whakaurua, ā, ka rite te aperture ki te resonance whakarara. Ko te tikanga o tēnei he tino pai te taurite me te whakatikatika impedance o te aratau matua, ā, ka iti noa te pānga shunting o tēnei aratau. Heoi, ka whakaitihia ētahi atu aratau, ētahi atu auau rānei, nō reira ka mahi te mowhiti whakarewa haruru hei tātari whakawhiti roopu me te tātari aratau hoki.
ahua 2:(a) ngā pou arataki ngaru;(b) te taurite tīwiri-rua
Kei runga ake nei tētahi atu huarahi hei whakaōrite, arā, ka toro atu tētahi pou whakarewa porotaka mai i tētahi o ngā taha whānui ki roto i te arataki ngaru, he rite tonu te pānga ki tētahi rīpene whakarewa e pā ana ki te whakarato i te tauhohenga puranga i taua wāhi. Ka taea e te pou whakarewa te whakaōrite, te whakaōrite rānei, i runga i te tawhiti o tōna toronga ki roto i te arataki ngaru. Ko te tikanga, ko tēnei tikanga taurite, ina toro paku atu tētahi pou whakarewa ki roto i te arataki ngaru, ka whakaratohia he ārai whakaōrite i taua wāhi, ā, ka piki ake te ārai whakaōrite tae noa ki te hauwhā o te roanga ngaru te urunga. I tēnei wāhi, ka puta te oro raupapa. Mā te urunga atu o te pou whakarewa ka puta he ārai whakaōrite e heke ana i te mea ka tino oti te whakaurunga. Ko te kaha oro i te whakaurunga waenga he rite tonu ki te diameter o te pou, ā, ka taea te whakamahi hei tātari, heoi, i tēnei wā ka whakamahia hei tātari aukati roopu hei tuku i ngā aratau raupapa teitei ake. Ki te whakatauritea ki te whakanui ake i te aukati o ngā rīpene whakarewa, ko tētahi painga nui o te whakamahi i ngā pou whakarewa he ngāwari ki te whakarite. Hei tauira, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tīwiri e rua hei taputapu whakaōrite hei whakatutuki i te taurite arataki ngaru whai hua.
Ngā kawenga ātete me ngā whakaitiiti:
Pērā i tētahi atu pūnaha tuku, me whai taurite ārai tino tika ngā arataki ngaru, me ngā kawenga kua whakaritea kia mimiti katoatia ngā ngaru e haere mai ana me te kore whakaata, kia kore ai hoki e pāngia e te auau. Ko tētahi whakamahinga o ēnei momo pito ko te ine i te mana i runga i te pūnaha me te kore e tuku i te mana.
ahua 3 kawenga ātete arataki ngaru(a)whakapiripiri kotahi(b)whakapiripiri takirua
Ko te mutunga ātete tino noa ko tētahi wāhanga o te dielectric ngaro kua tāutahia ki te pito o te arataki ngaru, ā, kua whakawhāitihia (me te pito e anga ana ki te ngaru e haere mai ana) kia kore ai e puta he whakaata. Tērā pea ka nohoia e tēnei reo ngaro te whānui katoa o te arataki ngaru, ka nohoia rānei te pokapū o te pito o te arataki ngaru anake, e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 3. Ka taea e te whakawhāiti te whakawhāiti kotahi, te whakawhāiti takirua rānei, ā, ko te roa o te nuinga he λp/2, me te roa katoa o te rua ngā roangaru. He mea hanga i ngā pereti dielectric pērā i te karāhe, kua pania ki te kiriata waro, ki te karāhe wai rānei i waho. Mō ngā tono mana-teitei, ka taea te tāpiri i ngā totohu wera ki waho o te arataki ngaru o aua pito, ā, ka taea te whakamarara i te mana e tukuna ana ki te pito mā te totohu wera, mā te whakamatao hau kaha rānei.
ahua 4 Whakaiti i te hiko nekeneke
Ka taea te tango i ngā whakangāwari hiko-kore e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 4. Mēnā ka whakanohoia ki waenganui o te arataki ngaru, ka taea te neke ki te taha mai i waenganui o te arataki ngaru, ki te wāhi e whakarato ana i te whakangāwari nui rawa atu, ki ngā taha, ki te wāhi e tino whakaitihia ana te whakangāwari nā te mea he iti ake te kaha o te mara hiko o te aratau matua.
Te whakaiti i te arataki ngaru:
Ko te whakaiti i te kaha o ngā arataki ngaru ko ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei:
1. Ngā whakaata mai i ngā korenga o roto o te arataki ngaru, i ngā wāhanga arataki ngaru kāore i te tika te tūnga
2. Ngā mate i puta mai i te ia e rere ana i roto i ngā pakitara arataki ngaru
3. Ngā ngaronga hiko-kore i roto i ngā arataki ngaru kua whakakīia
He rite ngā mate e rua whakamutunga ki ngā mate e rite ana i roto i ngā raina coaxial, ā, he iti noa iho. Ka whakawhirinaki tēnei mate ki te rauemi pakitara me tōna taratara, te dielectric e whakamahia ana me te auau (nā te pānga kiri). Mō te paipa parahi, ko te awhe mai i te 4 dB/100m i te 5 GHz ki te 12 dB/100m i te 10 GHz, engari mō te paipa konumohe, he iti ake te awhe. Mō ngā arataki ngaru kua pania ki te hiriwa, ko ngā mate he 8dB/100m i te 35 GHz, 30dB/100m i te 70 GHz, ā, tata ki te 500 dB/100m i te 200 GHz. Hei whakaiti i ngā mate, inā koa i ngā auau teitei rawa, ka whakakikoruatia ngā arataki ngaru (ki roto) ki te koura, ki te konukawata rānei.
E ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, he tātari whakawhiti-teitei te mahi a te arataki ngaru. Ahakoa kāore he ngaronga o te arataki ngaru, ka tino whakaitihia ngā auau i raro i te auau tapahi. Nā te whakaata i te waha o te arataki ngaru te take o tēnei whakaitinga, kaua i te horapa.
Hononga arataki ngaru:
Ko te hononga arataki ngaru ka puta mā roto i ngā flange ina honoa ngā wāhanga arataki ngaru, ngā wāhanga rānei. Ko te mahi a tēnei flange he whakarite kia maeneene te hononga ā-mīhini me ngā āhuatanga hiko e tika ana, inā koa te iti o te irahiko o waho me te iti o te whakaata o roto.
Flange:
E whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā āputa arataki ngaru i roto i ngā whakawhitiwhiti ngaruiti, ngā pūnaha radar, ngā whakawhitiwhiti amiorangi, ngā pūnaha pūihi, me ngā taputapu taiwhanga i roto i ngā rangahau pūtaiao. E whakamahia ana ēnei hei hono i ngā wāhanga arataki ngaru rerekē, hei whakarite kia āraihia te turuturu me te pokanoa, me te pupuri i te tūnga tika o te arataki ngaru kia tino pono te tuku me te tūnga tika o ngā ngaru hikohiko auau. He āputa kei ia pito o te arataki ngaru noa, e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 5.
ahua 5 (a) te hononga o te flange; (b) te hononga o te flange.
I ngā auau iti iho ka whakamārōhia, ka whakapirihia rānei te flange ki te arataki ngaru, engari i ngā auau teitei ake ka whakamahia he flange papatahi. Ina honoa ngā wāhanga e rua, ka whakapirihia ngā flange ki tetahi ki tetahi, engari me whakaoti pai ngā pito kia kore ai e motumotu te hononga. He māmā ake te whakarite tika i ngā wāhanga mā te whakamahi i ētahi whakatikatika, nō reira i ētahi wā ka whakauruhia ngā arataki ngaru iti ki ngā flange miro ka taea te whakapiri tahi me te nati mowhiti. I te pikinga ake o te auau, ka heke noa te rahi o te hononga arataki ngaru, ā, ka nui ake te motumotu o te hononga i runga i te roangaru tohu me te rahi o te arataki ngaru. Nō reira, ka nui ake te raruraru o ngā motumotu i ngā auau teitei ake.
ahua 6 (a) Wāhanga whakawhiti o te hononga kōkō; (b) tirohanga pito o te flange kōkō
Hei whakaoti i tēnei raruraru, ka taea te waiho he āputa iti i waenganui i ngā arataki ngaru, e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 6. He hononga kōkō kei roto ko te flange noa me te flange kōkō e honoa ana. Hei utu mō ngā motumotu pea, ka whakamahia he mowhiti kōkō porowhita me te wāhanga whakawhiti āhua-L i roto i te flange kōkō hei whakatutuki i tētahi hononga piri ake. Kāore i rite ki ngā flange noa, he aro ki te auau ngā flange kōkō, engari mā te hoahoa kua arotauhia ka taea te whakarite i tētahi whānui whānui e tika ana (tērā pea 10% o te auau pokapū) e kore ai te SWR e neke ake i te 1.05.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-15-2024
