Te Whanaketanga o ngā Pūihi Teihana Tūāpapa: Mai i te 1G ki te 5G

Kei roto i tēnei tuhinga he arotake pūnaha mō te whanaketanga o te hangarau pūihi teihana turanga puta noa i ngā whakatupuranga whakawhitiwhiti waea pūkoro, mai i te 1G ki te 5G. E whai ana i te huringa o ngā pūihi mai i ngā tuku tohu māmā ki ngā pūnaha matatau e whakaatu ana i ngā āheinga atamai pēnei i te hanga hihi me te MIMO Nui.

**Te Whanaketanga Hangarau Matua mā te Whakatipuranga**

| Wā | Ngā Hangarau Matua me ngā Whakatutukitanga | Uara Matua me ngā Otinga |

| **1G** | Ngā pūihi ahunga-katoa, te kanorau ā-wāhi | Kua whakaratohia he kapinga taketake; kua whakapaitia te hononga ake mā te kanorau ā-wāhi me te iti o te pokanoa nā te tawhiti o te teihana.

| **2G** | Ngā pūihi aronga (wāhanga), ngā pūihi takirua-porowhita | Te kaha me te whānuitanga o te kapinga kua whakanuia; i taea e te porowhita takirua te whakakapi i te pūihi e rua, ka penapena wāhi, ka taea hoki te whakatinanatanga kiato ake.

| **3G** | Ngā pūihi maha-roopu, te whakatītaha hiko mamao (RET), ngā pūihi maha-rama | Ngā roopu auau hou i tautokona, ngā utu me te tiaki o te papaanga i whakaitihia; i whakahohea te arotautanga mamao me te whakanui ake i te kaha i roto i ngā wāhi wera. |

| **4G** | Ngā pūihi MIMO (4T4R/8T8R), ngā pūihi maha-tauranga, ngā hoahoa pūihi-RRU whakauru | Kua tino whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te hihi me te kaha o te pūnaha; kua arohia te noho tahi maha-roopu maha-aratau me te tipu haere o te whakaurunga. |

| **5G** | MIMO AAU Nui (Wāhanga Pūihi Hohe) | I whakatauhia ngā wero matua o te ngoikore o te kapinga me te tono kaha nui mā roto i ngā huinga tauine nui me te hanga hihi tika. |

Kua arahina tēnei ara whanaketanga e te hiahia ki te whakataurite i ngā tono matua e whā: te kapinga me te kaha, te whakaurunga o te whānuitanga hou me te hototahi taputapu, ngā here ā-tinana me ngā whakaritenga mahi, me te uauatanga o te whakahaere me te tika o te whatunga.

Ki te titiro whakamua, ka haere tonu te ara o te ao 6G ki te MIMO tino nui, me te tumanako ka neke atu i te mano ngā wāhanga pūihi, ka whakatūria te hangarau pūihi hei tūāpapa mō ngā whatunga pūkoro o te whakatupuranga e whai ake nei. Ko te auahatanga i roto i te hangarau pūihi e whakaata mārama ana i te whanaketanga whānui o te umanga whakawhitiwhiti pūkoro.